本文介绍和 EOS 相关的一些术语

官方文档：https://github.com/eosio/eos/wiki/Glossary

Account (账户)

定义

An on-chain identifier made up of native and/or custom permissions that are assigned one or more keys or accounts.

由本地和 / 或自定义权限组成的链上标识符，可以分配一个或多个密钥或者帐户。

Authority (权力)

定义

An abstract of permissions that represent how permissions are organized in reality that are bound to an individual or groups of individuals.

代表现实世界中一个个体或者一群个体的权限组织方式的抽象定义。

Block (区块)

同义词

Blk

定义

A confirmable unit of the Blockchain. Each block contains zero or more Transactions, as well as a cryptographic connection to all prior blocks. When a block becomes “irreversibly confirmed” ，it’s because a supermajority of Block Producers have agreed that the given Block contains correct Transactions. Once a Block is irreversibly confirmed, it becomes a permanent part of the immutable Blockchain.

区块链的可确认单位。 每个区块包含零笔或多笔交易，以及到先前所有区块的加密连接。 当绝对多数的区块生产者的一致同意该区块包含了正确的交易时， 这个区块就变成了 “不可逆转地确认”。 一旦一个区块被不可逆转地确认，它就成为不可变更区块链的永久的一部分。

DAC (去中心化的自治团体或公司)

定义

Decentralized Autonomous Collective, or Decentralized Autonomous Corporation.

去中心化的自治集体或去中心化的自治公司

DAO (去中心化自治组织)

定义

Decentralized Autonomous Organization.

去中心化的自治组织

DPoS (授权股权证明机制)

定义

Delegated Proof of Stake. Also, “Democracy as Proof of Stake.” DPoS is one of a collection of consensus algorithms, i.e. methods by which block producers can agree (reach consensus) on which transactions and which blocks are “real” and should be confirmed and treated as irreversible.

授权股权证明机制，也叫做” 民主主义证明机制”。DPoS 是共识算法集合中的一种，即选取哪些区块生产者可以同意（达成共识）哪些交易和哪些区块是 “真实的” 并且应该被确认和被视为不可逆的一种算法。

Key pair (密钥对)

同义词

keys

定义

A public key and its corresponding private key

公钥以及和它对应的私钥

larimer (拉瑞默)

定义

1/10000 of an EOS (token) 0.0001 EOS

1 EOS = 10000 larimer

Master Password (主密码)

定义

The password used to to unlock (decrypt) a wallet file

用于解锁（解密）钱包文件的密码

Message (消息)

同义词

Msg

定义

A change to the Blockchain. One or more messages make up a Transaction.

表示区块链的一种变化，一个或多个消息组成一笔交易.

Oracle (预言机)

定义

“An oracle, in the context of blockchains and smart contracts, is an agent that finds and verifies real-world occurrences and submits this information to a blockchain to be used by smart contracts.” Source

在区块链和智能合约的背景下，预言机是一个能够发现和验证真实世界事件的代理，并将这些信息提交给智能合约使用的区块链。详情

理解：预言机是智能合约获取外部信息的唯一途径。智能合约逻辑的触发需要信息源，没有提供外部信息的预言机，智能合约的实用性大打折扣

Permission (权限)

定义

A weighted security mechanism that determines whether or not a message is properly authorized by evaluating its signature(s) authority

一个加权的安全机制，通过评估其签名权限来确定一个消息是否被正确授权

Private Key (私钥)

定义

A secret key used to sign transactions

用于签署交易的密钥

Public Key (公钥)

同义词

pub key

定义

A publicly available key that is transmitted alongside a transaction.

与交易一起传送的可公开使用的密钥

Smart Contract (智能合约)

定义

A smart contract is a computer protocol intended to facilitate, verify, or enforce the negotiation or performance of a contract.

智能合约是一种旨在促进、验证或执行判断或履行合同的计算机协议。

Transaction (交易)

同义词

Tx, Txn

定义

A complete all-or-nothing change to the Blockchain. A combination of one or more Messages. Usually, the execution of a Smart Contract.

区块链上彻底的要么有要么无的变化。是一个或多个消息的组合。通常，用于智能合约的执行。

Wallet (钱包)

定义

An encrypted file generated and/or managed by a client (for example, eosc) that manages private keys and facilitates the signing of transactions in a secure manner. Wallets may be in a locked or unlocked state.

由客户端（例如 eosc）生成和 / 或管理的加密文件，用于管理私钥并便于以安全方式签署交易。 钱包可能处于锁定或解锁状态。

Witness (见证人)

同义词

block producer (区块生产者)

定义

The node that is currently taking its turn producing the “right now” block for the blockchain. Or, a member of the group of nodes who have been elected to take such turns. Synonymous with ‘block producer’.

当前正在轮流为区块链生产 “立即” 区块的节点。 或者，被选为轮流节点组的组成成员之一。 与 “区块生产者” 同义。